In 1793, Auburn's location at the northern tip of Owasco Lake attracted its first settler, surveyor and Revolutionary War hero Col. John Hardenbergh. He built a cabin and a mill on the site. In 1805, the town was named for a locale in Oliver Goldsmith's poem "Deserted Village." Due to its many fine forests, only five years later the community boasted 90 dwellings and 17 mills.
Additional growth was brought about by the opening in 1817 of the state prison, built on land donated by citizens, as well as the establishment in 1829 of a theological seminary, which is affiliated with Union Theological Seminary. Prison labor was cheap and, and until 1882, legal. By the early 1920s the city was well known as an industrial center and market for the region's agricultural products.
Fort Hill Cemetery, 19 Fort St., contains part of a hill thought to have been erected by Moundbuilders as well as the graves of William Seward, secretary of state under Presidents Lincoln and Johnson, and Logan, a Mingo Indian orator who led a war party in 1774 in retaliation for the murder of his family.
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